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"More than any thing else technology creates our world. It creates our wealth, our economy, our very way of being," says W. Brian Arthur. Yet, until now the major questions of technology have gone unanswered. Where do new technologies come from -- how exactly does invention work? What constitutes innovation, and how is it achieved? Why are certain regions -- Cambridge, England, in the 1920s and Silicon Valley today -- hotbeds of innovation, while others languish? Does technology, like biological life, evolve? How do new industries, and the economy itself, emerge from technologies? In this groundbreaking work, pioneering technology thinker and economist W. Brian Arthur sets forth a boldly original way of thinking about technology that gives answers to these questions. The Nature of Technology is an elegant and powerful theory of technology's origins and evolution. It achieves for the progress of technology what Thomas Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions did for scientific progress. Arthur explains how transformative new technologies arise and how innovation really works. Conventional thinking ascribes the invention of technologies to "thinking outside the box," or vaguely to genius or creativity, but Arthur shows that such explanations are inadequate. Rather, technologies are put together from pieces -- themselves technologies -- that already exist. Technologies therefore share common ancestries and combine, morph, and combine again to create further technologies. Technology evolves much as a coral reef builds itself from activities of small organisms -- it creates itself from itself; all technologies are descended from earlier technologies. Drawing on a wealth of examples, from historical inventions to the high-tech wonders of today, and writing in wonder fully engaging and clear prose, Arthur takes us on a mind-opening journey that will change the way we think about technology and how it structures our lives.

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科学是一种观念，即自然在本质上是可知的，可以被探索、被究因的。如果以高度控制的方式对现象及其背后的含义进行探索，就可以获得对自然的理解；科学是一套实践和思维方式，包括理论化、想象和猜测；科学史一系列认识（knowings），一系列由过去的观察与思考积累起来的理解；科学是一种文化，一种关于信仰与实践、友谊与思想交流、观点与确证、竞争与互助的文化。

技术是对现象的驾驭，而这很大程度上是由科学揭示的。同样，科学也构建与（builds from）技术，或者说，科学是从它的技术中形成的，从哪些要使用技术的仪器、方法和实验中形成的。

断言技术只是科学的“应用”是幼稚的，毋宁说技术是从科学和自己的经验两个方面建立起来的。

技术是对现象有目的的编程。

现象只是简单的自然效应，因此独立于人类和技术而存在，现象本身并没有什么“使用”（use）与之相连。相比之下，原理是为达成某个目的而利用某个现象的理念（idea），它广泛存在于人类及“使用”的边界。

是技术将我们与中世纪分离的，的确，是技术将我们与我们拥有了５万年甚至更久的那种生活方式分开了。技术无可比拟地创造了我们的世界，它创造了我们的财富，我们的经济，还有我们的存在方式。

书籍介绍

"More than any thing else technology creates our world. It creates our wealth, our economy, our very way of being," says W. Brian Arthur. Yet, until now the major questions of technology have gone unanswered. Where do new technologies come from -- how exactly does invention work? What constitutes innovation, and how is it achieved? Why are certain regions -- Cambridge, England, in the 1920s and Silicon Valley today -- hotbeds of innovation, while others languish? Does technology, like biological life, evolve? How do new industries, and the economy itself, emerge from technologies? In this groundbreaking work, pioneering technology thinker and economist W. Brian Arthur sets forth a boldly original way of thinking about technology that gives answers to these questions. The Nature of Technology is an elegant and powerful theory of technology's origins and evolution. It achieves for the progress of technology what Thomas Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions did for scientific progress. Arthur explains how transformative new technologies arise and how innovation really works. Conventional thinking ascribes the invention of technologies to "thinking outside the box," or vaguely to genius or creativity, but Arthur shows that such explanations are inadequate. Rather, technologies are put together from pieces -- themselves technologies -- that already exist. Technologies therefore share common ancestries and combine, morph, and combine again to create further technologies. Technology evolves much as a coral reef builds itself from activities of small organisms -- it creates itself from itself; all technologies are descended from earlier technologies. Drawing on a wealth of examples, from historical inventions to the high-tech wonders of today, and writing in wonder fully engaging and clear prose, Arthur takes us on a mind-opening journey that will change the way we think about technology and how it structures our lives.

• 作者：抽象LAOYA 发布时间：2022-01-23 14:13:27

  1. 许久没有的阅读快感。

  2. 务必读英文版的。

  3. 与《The Innovator's Dilemma》和《Diffusion Of Innovation》两本书一起阅读，收获更多。《The Nature of Technology》从技术哲学角度，比较晦涩，《The Innovator's dilemma》更多的是从商业角度，解决了前者没有说明的purpose（技术的目的）；《Innovator's dilemma》也有大量关于disruptive technology颠覆性技术的扩散，《Diffusion Of Innovation》则主要在于论述创新的扩散。

• 作者：冰湖守夜人 发布时间：2021-03-22 00:28:58

  碎片化论断多，支持多为一些例子，不够有力。有时反反复复说一个观点，且分布在全书的不同部分，bad writer.理论上的问题在于作者尝试将所有purposed system归结在一套规律下，但是如果一套理论能解释经济，政治，法律，商业，技术，etc.， 它就什么也不能解释。作者定位是个做computational simulation的实证社会学家，理论著述相对于他的虚拟世界程序来说，并不算非常精彩。

• 作者：捣倒的天使 发布时间：2017-03-26 00:13:18

  文笔不错，对林的描写都是赞美，不够全面～

• 作者：森林里的冰工厂 发布时间：2022-03-20 12:23:08

  Sets of language

• 作者：目送飞鸿 发布时间：2020-10-31 18:44:42

  这本书忍着读完，证明是浪费时间。作者认为技术由已有技术组合而成，随着技术的积累，组合可能越来越多，作为一种复杂系统，技术具有自组合和涌现的特点，自我推动进化至更为复杂的阶段。这也是圣塔菲学院研究复杂系统和自组合系统的结果，写地很散，跟啥也没说一样。

• 作者：容懂 发布时间：2010-05-10 10:29:14

  This is one of the few books that I had high expectation for but chose to throw away after wading through the first chapters. Self-claimed originality and stifling pedantry are just the nature of “Bore-ology”.

• 大师级开创性著作

  作者：Junyi 发布时间：2015-01-04 15:34:12

• 思维导图笔记给你梳理出来了

  作者：Elon杰克 发布时间：2019-03-16 17:29:38

  

  

  

  

  断断续续两天读完，感谢编者标记了重点，读起来没那么费力。的确如其他朋友所说，有些章节滥用了很多篇幅只为了说明浅显的道理。整体对我的冲击不大，在射程范围之内，所以给三星。

  技术是什么？它是怎样进化的？读完第一章让我思考一个问题：微信朋友圈的本质是什么？你又为什么发朋友圈？让我去思考本质，虽带有哲学意味，但不能否认这是这本书带给我的东西。

  好，简单聊聊。开篇丢出一个问题“如何重塑人性，生活和技术的关系”。看完之后我的答案是：重塑意味着分开或者界限分别吗？如果不是的话。生活决定人性，人性创造技术，技术改变生活。人性继续更新技术，使得技术慢慢沾染人性。未来的事情自动链接《未来简史》

  “技术产生于现象和目的，技术就是对现象进行有目的的编码”。整本书用了“域、结构、工程、组合，机制”等术语围绕着一个命题进行阐述：产生-进步-裂变-循环，这很哲学，不能说他有问题。

  一项技术的内部构件产生了额外功用或者产生了某种现象可以与其他技术结合，又正好迎合了机会利基。那可能带来革命性的变化，从iphone的触屏，传播媒介的迭代都可以窥见一斑。这个观点我是赞同的。

  最后一个问题是，生物变成技术，技术变得生物化，有自己的更新系统。技术如果割裂了人与自然，那等待的只有死亡(精神)，未来何去何从？这不得不提到IOT(物联网)了，做为第三次信息科技革命浪潮标志物，各大科技巨头都在研发物联技术。作者已经说了经济是技术的表达，技术变得生物化，那生物化不如说是经济的延伸体。而技术要变成生物，需要建立在超级强大的人类思想数据库上面，就目前大数据所收纳的人类思维路径来看，这条路还很长。虽然人工智能厉害没错，李世石被打败了，但阿尔法狗有情感吗？没有情感的东西不用考虑，那叫经济。所以，真正变成生物的不是技术，而是经济体。

  虽然槽点多，但不能否认这本书的地位。只是关于发展类的书籍，在日新月异的今天，不能用当时作者的心态去读，应该结合当今的情况。