麦积山石窟旧影 江苏凤凰美术 pdf mobi txt 2024 电子版 下载

本书讲述了近现代时期对麦积山石窟的勘探与保护。早期丰富的照片、文献以及勘探专家的手稿，为我们展现了大半个世纪之前，麦积山的景象。1941，天水学者冯国瑞先生调查麦积山，后编著《麦积山石窟志》发行，国人始知麦积山石窟。此后先后有西北勘察团和中央勘察团以及一些美术史的学者对麦积山石窟进行勘察。从这个时期到建立麦积山文物保管所可以称为早期勘察时期。条件艰苦，筚路蓝缕，是麦积山石窟保护研究的创始阶段。

序言 不忘来路，砥砺向前

前言 麦积山石窟早期勘察工作

冯国瑞 天水麦积石窟介绍

容媛 天水麦积山发现石佛窟

李浴 天水麦积山石窟

何正璜 一串被遗忘的珍珠――天水麦积山石窟艺术

孙儒涧 天水麦积山石窟的首次考察

吴作人 麦积山勘察团 麦积山勘察团工作报告

吴作人 麦积山勘察团工作日记（摘要）

西北文化部完成麦积山石窟勘察工作

后语

麦积山石窟艺术研究所，当时名为天水麦积山文物保管所，1986年6月更为今名，下设保护研究室、美术研究室、资料室、接待室、办公室、政工科、保卫科等。

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诗人杜甫为了采药到麦积山而作的《山寺》，诗中有“野寺残僧少”之句，可见当时已很荒凉了。这种原因可能是因为一方面从唐代起由长安通往西域的路线向北移了一些，天水已失去了商业经济上的地位，因此在较北的当时的要道原州一带曾出现了许多的唐窟；另一方面更因为麦积山是当地仅有的一处岩壁，在发展上有限制，凡是可用为凿窟的地方都被前代利用了，后来的不得不缩小范围来修凿，不过在杜甫的诗中又有“悬崖置屋牢”的说法，这证明石窟当时虽已冷落，可是联系各窟交通的悬梯栈道，因年代距北朝不远，可能尚完整存在着。

书籍介绍

《麦积山石窟旧影》讲述了近现代时期对麦积山石窟的勘探与保护。早期丰富的照片、文献以及勘探专家的手稿，为我们展现了大半个世纪之前，麦积山的景象。1941，天水学者冯国瑞先生调查麦积山，后编著《麦积山石窟志》发行，国人始知麦积山石窟。此后先后有西北勘察团和中央勘察团以及一些美术史的学者对麦积山石窟进行勘察。从这个时期到建立麦积山文物保管所可以称为早期勘察时期。条件艰苦，筚路蓝缕，是麦积山石窟保护研究的创始阶段。麦积山石窟在甘肃天水县境内，窟高约七十公尺，临河背山，景象伟丽; 在魏、唐时代，为我国佛教艺术*昌盛的地点之一。这次勘察组于发现的石窟有157个，多为魏、北周及隋代所创建，其中一部分在宋、明两代曾加修饰。在摩崖石刻题记中(在山崖上刻的字)，以唐代大中七年(852年)为*早。窟龛内大多保存着精美完整的石雕佛像和壁画。这些作品富有高度的艺术价值。其中北魏的造像和“133 窟”的十号造像碑，特别生动，雕刻极为细致和稳健，保持 我国民族艺术的独特风格。壁画的数量亦极为丰富，其中石雕的槛柱花纹等，在建筑装饰上很有研究价值，是我国中古时期文化艺术的光辉杰作。

• 作者：溪堂 发布时间：2019-12-18 23:20:56

  感念前人筚路蓝缕之功。麦积山石窟虽经史上地震灾害、千年风雨侵袭，部分崩塌损毁，然皆自然延续，未受外贼盗扰，几无敦煌龙门响堂天龙山及新疆诸窟之劫，亦是万幸之事。

• 作者：安之腾 发布时间：2020-06-25 17:14:40

  古希腊，神秘国度。

• 作者：凉水 发布时间：2023-12-09 03:15:14

  名字是麦积山石窟旧影，80元购入，但是一半书页是相关论文和临摹作品，那我为啥不买一本麦积山石窟研究文集呢？

• 作者：wreck 发布时间：2021-03-16 02:39:27

  北魏时期的佛有我最喜欢的神态，盛唐时期的佛是人间的哀乐而少玄思妙想的。麦积山的名字也总是被想起，豆子和麦子在农家场上高堆如山，在丰收的洞窟中有无数双迦叶微合的双目。

• 作者：他的声音和房间 发布时间：2022-08-31 20:11:25

  近现代考古文献，学术含量一般，仅限于历史价值。

• 作者：言由 发布时间：2020-12-14 20:15:19

  连图都没修！印刷质量更是惨不忍睹！太可惜了！

• 未曾预料的失望

  作者：Stella 发布时间：2023-11-02 15:17:52

  旧作、旧照、临摹都非常好，也具有无可比拟的历史意义，值得五星，排版与印刷也优秀，但很遗憾本书编的不用心。

  首先，没有一个洞窟位置和编号清晰的图片作为引导，所以文章说某窟位置如何险绝不可攀援，某窟与某窟位置如何，栈桥如何修建如何连接，全无概念。

  其次，文章引用内容不全，也无说明。例如吴作人的《麦积山勘察团工作报告》一文，“参看《麦积山石窟大事年表》”（126页）、“参看第133号窟剖面图”（134页），无表无图无说明。

  第三，文章多次提到造像如何精美，洞窟内容如何丰富，例如127窟、133窟。读到这些描述心醉沉迷之时，发现图片寥寥，无法与文字对照，简直是一腔热情丢在了冰窟里。

  最后，也是我认为最失败的一点，自五十年代后期至今，做了什么工作？有无新发现？先前不可攀登之窟如今是何局面？有什么科技应用于探索和保护工作？未来麦积山石窟是何走向？阅读过程中我一直期望在全书最后能有一个章节来提及这些使古老石窟焕发新生命力的内容，但很遗憾完全没有。虽说书本名为“旧影”，但丝毫不提新的发展，我认为对于后语中提及的“以纪念前辈工作并传承'坚守深山，责任担当；恪守使命，勇于挑战'的人文精神”，是说不过去的。

• 要相信，一切都会好起来

  作者：Hammer_ 发布时间：2013-02-21 21:33:42

      读这本书是自己上一年最焦虑的时候，当时，现实把之前自己不切实际的外贸发财梦破灭，在一间外贸工厂工作了一个月，果断辞职，待业在家，每天不是在找工作，就是在找工作的路上，身心疲倦，每天都生活在焦虑，彷徨，迷茫和对未来的恐惧当中，特别是爸妈无言的压力，和周围有同学开始拿到各种offer的氛围，更是让自己苦不堪言，怎么都淡定不起来。

    之后，在读着卡内基大叔这本书的同时，自己一直努力着，思考着，慢慢也熬过了这段艰难的日子。之后，不知道是运气，还是努力有了回报，跑了无数个面试之后，在年末拿到了最喜欢的offer，现在入职一个多月，一切感觉良好，现在觉得当初的焦虑，当时所谓的困难根本不是困难，所有的患得患失，犹豫，焦虑，是你成长道路上一定要克服的障碍，焦虑和恐惧都不可怕，重要的是，你依然要果断去行动。

    这本书当时是给自己打鸡血用的。里面很多技巧很有用，里面很多名人名句，事例，都在不断加深我把这本书当成鸡血书的定位。

     说此书是鸡血书并无贬义的意思，当你焦虑，犹豫，彷徨的时候，我敢说，那些小技巧都是没有太大实际意义的，特别是，当你和我一样，本来就是一个理性主义者的时候。

     面临一个抉择，面临一个大的困难，遇到一个你感觉不是马上能解决的重大问题，你生活在压力，焦虑当中的时候，所有的理性分析，技巧，对当时的你来说，都只是鸡肋罢了。即管你已经很明白，一切都只不过是时间问题，只要努力，只要主动，只要再耐心一些，问题会迎刃而解的。

     那时候你最需要的，不是书上的技巧，不是理性分析（假定你本来就不是个笨蛋），是能令你，带着焦虑的心的同时，仍有动力行动起来的决心。

     一切能令你真正在焦虑的同时行动起来的东西都是好东西。而那时候，往往不是书本，是你最亲近，不会伤害你。你可以向他抱怨，发牢骚，听你说着漫无边际的说话的好朋友，是会一直给予你支持的爱人，是想尽办法不想给你压力的家人，最后，是所有能给你打鸡血的文章，实例，经验，名人名言！！统称，鸡血文！

      这本书不能给你一个好兄弟，好姐妹，好爱人，好家人，但是能提供最后一样东西，大量的鸡血，和辅助鸡血的技巧。

     

      一切的目的，就是让你行动起来。

       你一定要相信，在你最黑暗，最焦虑的时候，只要带着书上提到的一些分析技巧，秉着理性，务实的作风，行动起来，一切都会好起来的。

  卡内基大叔最后是这么说：

  We already know enough to lead perfect lives. We have all read the golden rule and the Sermon on the Mount. Our trouble is not ignorance, but inaction.

  我们知道的已经足够让我们过上幸福美满的生活了。你已经读过了无数的黄金法则，大师智慧，我们的问题不在于无知，而是不作为。

  而这本书，就是给你大量的鸡血，实例，最终，让你行动起来！

  在你明白了，自己是在looking for action的时候，此时是你读这本书最佳之时。

  So, this is an action book.Let's turn the pages

  A great journey is about to begin.

  Good Luck:)

  End

  ============

  全文摘抄：

  Part One - Fundamental Facts You Should Know About Worry

  1．

  RULE 1:

   If you want to avoid worry, do what Sir William Osier did: Live in "day-tight

  compartments". Don't stew about the future. Just live each day until bedtime.

  RULE 2: The next time Trouble-with a capital T- comes gunning for you and backs you up

  in a corner, try the magic formula of Willis H. Carrier:

  a. Ask yourself, "What is the worst that can possibly happen if I can't solve my problem?"

  b. Prepare yourself mentally to accept the worst-if necessary.

  c. Then calmly try to improve upon the worst-which you have already mentally • agreed

  to accept.

  RULE 3: Remind yourself of the exorbitant price you can pay for worry in terms of your

  health. "Business men who do not know how to fight worry die young."

  2．the best possible way to

  prepare for tomorrow is to concentrate with all your intelligence, all your enthusiasm,

  on doing today's work superbly today. That is the only possible way you can prepare for

  the future. By all means take thought for the tomorrow, yes, careful thought and planning and

  preparation. But have no anxiety.

  3．When the cruel Chinese war lords wanted to torture their prisoners, they would tie their

  prisoners hand and foot and put them under a bag of water that constantly dripped ...

  dripped ... dripped ... day and night. These drops of water constantly falling on the

  head finally became like the sound of hammer blows-and drove men insane

  Part Two - Basic Techniques In Analysing Worry

  RULE 1: Get the facts. Remember that Dean Hawkes of Columbia University said that "

  half the worry in the world is caused by people trying to make decisions before they

  have sufficient knowledge on which to base a decision."

  RULE 2: After carefully weighing all the facts, come to a decision.

  RULE 3: Once a decision is carefully reached, act! Get busy carrying out your decisionand

  dismiss all anxiety about the outcome.

  RULE 4: When you, or any of your associates are tempted to worry about a problem,

  write out and answer the following questions:

  a. What is the problem?

  b. What is the cause of the problem?

  c. What are all possible solutions?

  d. What is the best solution?

  In A Nutshell

  1. Develop a deep, driving desire to master the principles of conquering worry.

  2. Read each chapter twice before going on to the next one.

  3. As you read, stop frequently to ask yourself how you can apply each suggestion.

  4. Underscore each important idea.

  5. Review this book each month.

  6. Apply these principles at every opportunity. Use this volume as a working handbook

  to help you solve your daily problems.

  7. Make a lively game put of your learning by offering some friend a shilling every time

  he catches you violating one of these principles.

  8. Check up each week on the progress you are making. Ask yourself what mistakes you

  have made, what improvement, what lessons you have learned for the future.

  9. Keep a diary in the back of this book showing how and when you have applied these

  principles.

  Part Three - How To Break The Worry Habit Before It Breaks You

  RULE 1: Crowd worry out of your mind by keeping busy. Plenty of action is one of the

  best therapies ever devised for curing "wibber gibbers".

  RULE 2: Don't fuss about trifles. Don't permit little things-the mere termites of life-to

  ruin your happiness. Remember "Life is too short to be little.".

  RULE 3: Use the law of averages to outlaw your worries. Ask yourself: "What are the

  odds against this thing's happening at all?"

  RULE 4: Co-operate with the inevitable. If you know a circumstance is beyond your

  power to change or revise, say to yourself "It is so; it cannot be otherwise."

  RULE 5: Put a "stop-loss" order on your worries. Decide just how much anxiety a thing

  may be worth-and refuse to give it any more.

  RULE 6: Let the past bury its dead. Don't saw sawdust

  为了今天

  Just For Today

  1. Just for today I will be happy. This assumes that what Abraham Lincoln said is true,

  that "most folks are about as happy as they make up their minds to be." Happiness is

  from within; it is not a matter of externals.

  2. Just for today I will try to adjust myself to what is, and not try to adjust everything

  to my own desires. I will take my family, my business, and my luck as they come and fit

  myself to them.

  3. Just for today I will take care of my body. I will exercise it, care for it, nourish it, not

  abuse it nor neglect it, so that it will be a perfect machine for my bidding.

  4. Just for today I will try to strengthen my mind. I will learn something useful. I will

  not be a mental loafer. I will read something that requires effort, thought and

  concentration.

  5. Just for today I will exercise my soul in three ways: I will do somebody a good turn

  and not get found out. I will do at least two things I don't want to do, as William James

  suggests, just for exercise.

  6. Just for today I will be agreeable. I will look as well as I can, dress as becomingly as

  possible, talk low, act courteously, be liberal with praise, criticise not at all, nor find

  fault with anything and not try to regulate nor improve anyone.

  7. Just for today I will try to live through this day only, not to tackle my whole life

  problem at once. I can do things for twelve hours that would appall me if I had to keep

  them up for a lifetime.

  8. Just for today I will have a programme. I will write down what I expect to do every

  hour. I may not follow it exactly, but I will have it. It will eliminate two pests, hurry and

  indecision.

  9. Just for today I will have a quiet half-hour all by myself and relax. In this half-hour

  sometimes I will think of God, so as to get a little more perspective into my life.

  10. Just for today I will be unafraid, especially I will not be afraid to be happy, to enjoy

  what is beautiful, to love, and to believe that those I love, love me.

  Part Four - Seven Ways To Cultivate A Mental Attitude That Will Bring You Peace And

  Happiness

  RULE 1: Let's fill our minds with thoughts of peace, courage, health, and hope, for ' 'our

  life is what our thoughts make it".

  RULE 2: Let's never try to get even with our enemies, because if we do we will hurt

  ourselves far more than we hurt them. Let's do as General Eisenhower does: let's never

  waste a minute thinking about people we don't like.

  RULE 3:

  A. Instead of worrying about ingratitude, let's expect it. Let's remember that

  Jesus healed ten lepers in one day-and only one thanked Him. Why should we expect

  more gratitude than Jesus got?

  B. Let's remember that the only way to find happiness is not to expect gratitude-but to

  give for the joy of giving.

  C. Let's remember that gratitude is a "cultivated" trait; so if we want our children to be

  grateful, we must train them to be grateful.

  RULE 4: Count your blessings-not your troubles!

  RULE 5: Let's not imitate others. Let's find ourselves and be ourselves, for "envy is

  ignorance" and "imitation is suicide".

  RULE 6: When fate hands us a lemon, let's try to make a lemonade.

  RULE 7: Let's forget our own unhappiness-by trying to create a little happiness for

  others. "When you are good to others, you are best to yourself."

  Part Five - The Golden Rule For Conquering Worry

  Part Six - How To Keep From Worrying About Criticism

  RULE 1: Unjust criticism is often a disguised compliment. It often means that you have

  aroused jealousy and envy. Remember that no one ever kicks a dead dog.

  RULE 2: Do the very best you can; and then put up your old umbrella and keep the rain

  of criticism from running down the back of your neck.

  RULE 3: Let's keep a record of the fool things we have done and criticise ourselves.

  Since we can't hope to be perfect, let's do what E. H. Little did: let's ask for unbiased,

  helpful, constructive criticism.

  Part Seven - Six Ways To Prevent Fatigue And Worry And Keep Your Energy And Spirits

  High

  RULE 1: Rest before you get tired. RULE 2: Learn to relax at your work.

  RULE 3: If you are a housewife, protect your health and appearance by relaxing at home

  RULE 4: Apply these four good working habits

  a. Clear your desk of all papers except those relating to the immediate problem at

  hand.

  b. Do things in the order of their importance.

  c. When you face a problem, solve it then and there if you have the facts necessary to

  make a decision.

  d. Learn to organise, deputise, and supervise.

  RULE 5: To prevent worry and fatigue, put enthusiasm into your work.

  RULE 6: Remember, no one was ever killed by lack of sleep. It is worrying about

  insomnia that does the damage-not the insomnia